Figure 1. Agglutination in the venous reservoir and oxygenator during hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass. The agglutination can be seen as a white aggregate forming in the reservoir (circle and arrows).
| Journal of Medical Cases, ISSN 1923-4155 print, 1923-4163 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Med Cases and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.journalmc.org |
Case Report
Volume 6, Number 3, March 2015, pages 109-112
Intraoperative Detection of Cold Agglutinins During Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Child
Figure
Table
| Authors and reference | Patient demographics |
|---|---|
| Fischer et al [11] | A 60-year-old male with unstable angina, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia for urgent coronary artery bypass grafting. |
| Kalra et al [13] | A 38-year-old female with rheumatic heart disease with mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation for mitral valve replacement. |
| Young et al [14] | A 62-year-old male with long-standing, cold agglutinin disease, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease with previous coronary stenting, B-cell in remission, and OSA for an abdomino-peroneal excision of the rectum for a Duke’s stage A low rectal carcinoma. |
| Bratkovic and Fahy [15] | An 82-year-old female with worsening angina and decreased exercise tolerance, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Routine preoperative antibody screening for cross-matching revealed cold agglutinins. Further history revealed symptoms suggestive of cold agglutinin disease. |
| Aoki et al [16] | A 76-year-old male with idiopathic cold hemagglutinin disease for myocardial revascularization. |
| Beebe et al [17] | An 82-year-old, 60 kg female with idiopathic cold hemagglutinin disease for splenectomy and cholecystectomy. |
| Bracken et al [18] | 1) A 67-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary artery disease for coronary revascularization. 2) A 54-year-old male with triple-vessel coronary artery disease for myocardial revascularization. |