Journal of Medical Cases, ISSN 1923-4155 print, 1923-4163 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Med Cases and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://www.journalmc.org

Case Report

Volume 12, Number 4, April 2021, pages 145-148


Profound Hypoxemia From Right Ventricular Failure Following Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

Figure

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Computed tomography (CT) angiogram showing aortic dissection in the ascending aorta (arrow) and descending aorta (thin arrow), and no clots within the pulmonary artery to suggest pulmonary embolism (arrowhead).

Table

Table 1. Causes of Hypoxemia Persisting Despite Intubation
 
Equipment-related problems
  Endobronchial intubation
  Esophageal intubation
  Endotracheal tube malfunctions - kinking of tube, blockage by secretions, leaking balloon cuff
  Improper ventilator settings
  Ventilator and breathing circuit malfunctions - blockage or leaks in breathing circuit, machine faults such as stuck valves, low oxygen supply to the machine
Progression of underlying disease
  Adult respiratory distress syndrome
  Acute pulmonary edema
  Pneumonia
  Airway obstruction - asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD)
Onset of a new problem
  Pneumothorax
  Atelectasis or mucous plugging with lung collapse
  Gastric aspiration
  Pulmonary emboli
  Bronchospasm
  Shock
Side effects of interventions, procedures and medications
  Endotracheal suctioning
  Position changes
  Chest physiotherapy
  Bronchoscopy
  Anaphylaxis from medications
  Vasodilators with resultant hypotension